Ara - Revision history

Sushoff: /* Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation */

2026-06-20T11:06:57Z

Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 20 June 2026
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	Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>		Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>
	File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).		File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).
	File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (4th c. ~~BCE~~)		File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (4th c. CE)
	File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor		File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor
	File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)		File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)

Sushoff: /* Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation */

2026-06-20T11:06:41Z

Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 20 June 2026
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	Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>		Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>
	File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).		File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).
	File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (~~2nd/1st~~ c. BCE)		File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (4th c. BCE)
	File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor		File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor
	File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)		File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)

Sushoff: /* Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation */

2026-06-20T11:05:39Z

Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:05, 20 June 2026
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	The area near the sting of the scorpion is streaked with light and dark clouds of the Milky Way, and the dark clouds of the Milky Way could be the smoke of an altar illuminated by the fire below.<ref>Hoffmann, S.M. (2023). “The Rhetoric on Clouds in the Ancient Star Catalogue”. ''Rhetoric & Science'' Vol. II, Centre for the Study of the Ancient World (CSAW), Ionian University</ref> Some researchers suggest that the figure of a smoky altar only becomes vivid when more southerly stars are added, which were visible at that time due to precession. This is unnecessary. Human imagination is of no use in reconstructing constellations; we need data. We can speculate a lot about the constellations of the archaic civilisation, as no scientific data has survived from this period that would enable a correct reconstruction.		The area near the sting of the scorpion is streaked with light and dark clouds of the Milky Way, and the dark clouds of the Milky Way could be the smoke of an altar illuminated by the fire below.<ref>Hoffmann, S.M. (2023). “The Rhetoric on Clouds in the Ancient Star Catalogue”. ''Rhetoric & Science'' Vol. II, Centre for the Study of the Ancient World (CSAW), Ionian University</ref> Some researchers suggest that the figure of a smoky altar only becomes vivid when more southerly stars are added, which were visible at that time due to precession. This is unnecessary. Human imagination is of no use in reconstructing constellations; we need data. We can speculate a lot about the constellations of the archaic civilisation, as no scientific data has survived from this period that would enable a correct reconstruction.

			=== Mediaeval, Renaissance and Early Modern Source ===

			==== Alfonsine Tables (1483) ====
			In 1483 the printer Erhard Ratdolt, working in Venice, published Tabulae Alphonsinae or the Alphonsine Tables, a compilation of astronomical data tabulating the positions and movements of the planets.

			==== Dürer (1515) ====
			The pair of celestial maps created by Albrecht Dürer in 1515, one showing the Northern Hemisphere sky and the other the Southern Hemisphere sky, are generally regarded as the first printed star charts published in Europe.

			Schickard wrote it ... .

			==== Bayer and de Houtman (1603) ====
			In his Uranometria, Bayer gives all the name alternatives mentioned above:

			==== Rudolphine Tables (1627) ====
			[[File:Ara RudolphinTables1627.png\|thumb\|Ara in Rudolphine Tables (Kepler 1627).]]
			TheTabulae Rudolphinae were ordered and dedicated to Emperor Rudolph II of the Holy Roman Empire. The main purpose was to allow the computation of the positions of the then known five classically known planets, but the tables also consist of a star catalogue. They were published by Johannes Kepler (1627), including earlier work and observational data by Tycho Brahe. The original Latin title is "Tabulæ Rudolphinæ, Quibus Astronomicæ Scientiæ, Temporum longinquitate collapsæ Restauratio continetur".<ref>Kepler (1627). ''Tabulæ Rudolphinæ, Quibus Astronomicæ Scientiæ, Temporum longinquitate collapsæ Restauratio continetur.'' [https://schriftgut.sh/viewer/image/PPN587862734/274/ online] </ref>

			The constellation name is given "'''In Thuribulo'''".

	=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===		=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

Sushoff: /* Hipparchus */

2026-06-12T08:29:43Z

Hipparchus

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:29, 12 June 2026
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	However, it remains a mystery why the altar hangs upside down, at least in Roman times, i.e. in Ptolemy's work: the fire smokes downwards (from ζ Arae to the south-west). Presumably, this was different in Hellenistic times, i.e. in the Greek original: the uniform cylindrical shape of the Greek altar on the Farnese Globe differs significantly from the Ptolemaic shape, which resembles the representation in the Leiden Aratea from the 9th century (Carolingian period). Eratosthenes describes an altar made up of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. All this points to a significant transformation of the original image, but it is difficult to prove: Aratos only mentions the smoke altar several times as a sacred site and does not comment on it further, while Eratosthenes explains that it is the altar where the gods once conspired when Zeus went into battle against Kronos.		However, it remains a mystery why the altar hangs upside down, at least in Roman times, i.e. in Ptolemy's work: the fire smokes downwards (from ζ Arae to the south-west). Presumably, this was different in Hellenistic times, i.e. in the Greek original: the uniform cylindrical shape of the Greek altar on the Farnese Globe differs significantly from the Ptolemaic shape, which resembles the representation in the Leiden Aratea from the 9th century (Carolingian period). Eratosthenes describes an altar made up of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. All this points to a significant transformation of the original image, but it is difficult to prove: Aratos only mentions the smoke altar several times as a sacred site and does not comment on it further, while Eratosthenes explains that it is the altar where the gods once conspired when Zeus went into battle against Kronos.

	=== Aratus ===		=== Greco-Roman Sources ===

			==== Aratus ====
	<blockquote>Now below the blazing sting of the great monster Scorpion, close to the south hovers the Altar. [404] This constellation you will observe only for a short time above the horizon, for its period of visibility is the opposite of Arcturus’. In fact the paths of Arcturus come fully overhead, whereas the Altar goes quickly under the western sea. Yet even round that Altar ancient Night, [409] sad for the suffering of men, has set an important sign of storm at sea; for ships in distress are not to her liking, and she displays different signs in different ways in her pity for storm-tossed men. So pray, I beg you, that at sea this constellation be not visible in mid-sky overarched by clouds everywhere else, [415] cloudless itself and brilliant, but higher up oppressed by billowing clouds, as they are often packed when an autumn northerly piles them up. For Night herself frequently contrives this sign also for a southerly, showing favour to sailors in distress. [420] And if they give heed to her timely signal, and promptly make everything ready and shipshape, in due course their trouble is easier; but if a terrible squall of wind falls upon the ship from on high quite unexpectedly, and disorders all of the canvas, [425] sometimes they sail on entirely submerged, sometimes, if they find Zeus coming to help them as they pray, and there is lightning in the north, in spite of their many travails they do look again upon each other on board ship. With this sign fear a southerly, until you see Boreas flashing lightning. (Kidd 1997)</blockquote>		<blockquote>Now below the blazing sting of the great monster Scorpion, close to the south hovers the Altar. [404] This constellation you will observe only for a short time above the horizon, for its period of visibility is the opposite of Arcturus’. In fact the paths of Arcturus come fully overhead, whereas the Altar goes quickly under the western sea. Yet even round that Altar ancient Night, [409] sad for the suffering of men, has set an important sign of storm at sea; for ships in distress are not to her liking, and she displays different signs in different ways in her pity for storm-tossed men. So pray, I beg you, that at sea this constellation be not visible in mid-sky overarched by clouds everywhere else, [415] cloudless itself and brilliant, but higher up oppressed by billowing clouds, as they are often packed when an autumn northerly piles them up. For Night herself frequently contrives this sign also for a southerly, showing favour to sailors in distress. [420] And if they give heed to her timely signal, and promptly make everything ready and shipshape, in due course their trouble is easier; but if a terrible squall of wind falls upon the ship from on high quite unexpectedly, and disorders all of the canvas, [425] sometimes they sail on entirely submerged, sometimes, if they find Zeus coming to help them as they pray, and there is lightning in the north, in spite of their many travails they do look again upon each other on board ship. With this sign fear a southerly, until you see Boreas flashing lightning. (Kidd 1997)</blockquote>

	=== (Pseudo-)Eratosthenes ===		==== (Pseudo-)Eratosthenes ====
	Pamias and Zucker (2013)<ref>Jordi Pàmias i Massana and Arnaud Zucker (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène – Catastérismes, Les Belles Lettres, Paris, 114-116</ref>:<blockquote>'''Var. 1.''' It is the one on which the gods originally sealed their alliance their alliance by an oath when Zeus launched his his offensive against Cronos. When they had succeeded in their endeavour, the gods also placed the altar in the sky as a memorial; men also carry the altar the altar at their banquets and sacrifice on it, when they have decided to make an agreement between themselves under oath; they touch it with their right hand, believing that this gesture is a guarantee of their good faith.		Pamias and Zucker (2013, 114-116)<ref>Jordi Pàmias i Massana and Arnaud Zucker (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène – Catastérismes, Les Belles Lettres, Paris, 114-116</ref>:<blockquote>'''Var. 1.''' It is the one on which the gods originally sealed their alliance their alliance by an oath when Zeus launched his his offensive against Cronos. When they had succeeded in their endeavour, the gods also placed the altar in the sky as a memorial; men also carry the altar the altar at their banquets and sacrifice on it, when they have decided to make an agreement between themselves under oath; they touch it with their right hand, believing that this gesture is a guarantee of their good faith.

	The Altar has two stars on the hearth and two on the base. In all, four.		The Altar has two stars on the hearth and two on the base. In all, four.
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	\|}		\|}

	===== Hyginus, Astronomica =====		==== Hyginus, Astronomica ====
	<blockquote>On this altar the gods are thought to have first made offerings and formed an alliance when they were about to oppose the Titans. The Cyclopes made it. From this observance men established the custom that when they plan to do something, they make sacrifices before beginning the undertaking. (Mary Ward 1960)</blockquote>		<blockquote>On this altar the gods are thought to have first made offerings and formed an alliance when they were about to oppose the Titans. The Cyclopes made it. From this observance men established the custom that when they plan to do something, they make sacrifices before beginning the undertaking. (Mary Ward 1960)</blockquote>

	=== Ptolemy's Almagest ===		==== Ptolemy's Almagest ====
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+Θυμιατηρίου ἀστερισμός		\|+Θυμιατηρίου ἀστερισμός

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation */

2026-06-04T06:33:18Z

Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:33, 4 June 2026
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	File:Ara Duerer.jpg\|Dürer's Ara (1515), pointing southwards		File:Ara Duerer.jpg\|Dürer's Ara (1515), pointing southwards
	File:Blaeu1602 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1602) is copied from Plancius/ Hondius (1598) and shows Ara's flames burning southwards. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/360/media-360270/large.jpg RMG]		File:Blaeu1602 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1602) is copied from Plancius/ Hondius (1598) and shows Ara's flames burning southwards. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/360/media-360270/large.jpg RMG]
	File:Blaeu1603 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1603), his second globe made with de Houtman's data for the southern constellations, also corrects the direction of Ara: The flames now burn northwards and the smoke indicates the position of the southern Milky Way between Sco and Sgr. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/398/media-398216/large.jpg RMG]		File:Blaeu1603 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1603), his second globe made with de Houtman's data for the southern constellations, also corrects the direction of Ara: The flames now burn northwards and the smoke indicates the position of the southern Milky Way between Sco and Sgr. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/398/media-398216/large.jpg RMG]
	File:Ara Fortin1795.jpg\|Ara in Fortin's Atlas Céleste, 3rd edition (1795).		File:Ara Fortin1795.jpg\|Ara in Fortin's Atlas Céleste, 3rd edition (1795).
			File:H.A. Rey's stick figure stellarium-006.png\|(1952) H.A. Rey's stick figure of Ara
			File:O. Hlad's stick figure stellarium-006.png\|(1988) O. Hlad's stick figure of Ara
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff at 08:22, 3 June 2026

2026-06-03T08:22:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:22, 3 June 2026
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	----		----
	[[File:Ara constellation (ara).tif\|thumb\|Ara constellation map, CC BY 4.0 (IAU).]]		[[File:Ara constellation (ara).tif\|thumb\|Ara constellation map, CC BY 4.0 (IAU).]]
	[[File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|alt=drawing\|thumb\|Ara in the ensemble with Centaurus and Lupus, ~~oldest known~~ depiction on the Kugel Globe, dating ~~2nd~~ or ~~1st century BCE~~ (drawing SMH).]]		[[File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|alt=drawing\|thumb\|Ara in the ensemble with Centaurus and Lupus, depiction on the Kugel Globe, dating 4th century CE or later (drawing SMH).]]
	[[File:Aratea 72v.jpg\|thumb\|Leiden Aratea, Fol. 72v Ara, Public domain]]		[[File:Aratea 72v.jpg\|thumb\|Leiden Aratea, Fol. 72v Ara, Public domain]]
	[[File:Stellarium-001 ara.jpg\|thumb\|Constellation Ara (Altar) according to Ptolemy's Almagest: simulation with Stellarium 24.x.]]		[[File:Stellarium-001 ara.jpg\|thumb\|Constellation Ara (Altar) according to Ptolemy's Almagest: simulation with Stellarium 24.x.]]
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	=== (Pseudo-)Eratosthenes ===		=== (Pseudo-)Eratosthenes ===
	<blockquote>'''Var. 1.''' It is the one on which the gods originally sealed their alliance their alliance by an oath when Zeus launched his his offensive against Cronos. When they had succeeded in their endeavour, the gods also placed the altar in the sky as a memorial; men also carry the altar the altar at their banquets and sacrifice on it, when they have decided to make an agreement between themselves under oath; they touch it with their right hand, believing that this gesture is a guarantee of their good faith.		Pamias and Zucker (2013)<ref>Jordi Pàmias i Massana and Arnaud Zucker (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène – Catastérismes, Les Belles Lettres, Paris, 114-116</ref>:<blockquote>'''Var. 1.''' It is the one on which the gods originally sealed their alliance their alliance by an oath when Zeus launched his his offensive against Cronos. When they had succeeded in their endeavour, the gods also placed the altar in the sky as a memorial; men also carry the altar the altar at their banquets and sacrifice on it, when they have decided to make an agreement between themselves under oath; they touch it with their right hand, believing that this gesture is a guarantee of their good faith.

	The Altar has two stars on the hearth and two on the base. In all, four.		The Altar has two stars on the hearth and two on the base. In all, four.

Sushoff at 10:38, 2 June 2026

2026-06-02T10:38:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:38, 2 June 2026
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	* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (medieval)]]		* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (medieval)]]

	[[Category:Eurasia]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]] [[Category:Almagest]] [[Category:Greco-Roman]] [[Category:Africa]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]] [[Category:Modern]]		[[Category:Eurasia]]
	[[Category:88 IAU-Constellations]] [[Category:Ara]]		[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]] [[Category:Super-Constellation]]
			[[Category:Almagest]] [[Category:Greco-Roman]] [[Category:Africa]]
			[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
			[[Category:Modern]] [[Category:88 IAU-Constellations]]
			[[Category:Ara]]

IanRidpath: Added Warburg link

2026-05-18T16:48:42Z

Added Warburg link

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:48, 18 May 2026
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	== Weblinks ==		== Weblinks ==

	*		* [https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-017077 Warburg Institute Iconographic Database – Ara]

	== References ==		== References ==

YoulaAzkarrula at 23:30, 15 May 2026

2026-05-15T23:30:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:30, 15 May 2026
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	* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (medieval)]]		* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (medieval)]]

	[[Category:Eurasia]] [[Category:Constellation]] [[Category:Almagest]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Modern]]		[[Category:Eurasia]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]] [[Category:Almagest]] [[Category:Greco-Roman]] [[Category:Africa]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]] [[Category:Modern]]
	[[Category:88 IAU-Constellations]]		[[Category:88 IAU-Constellations]] [[Category:Ara]]

IanRidpath: /* Etymology and History */ Scorpius, not Scorpio

2026-03-01T08:13:11Z

Etymology and History: Scorpius, not Scorpio

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:13, 1 March 2026
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	Aratos only mentions the altar of smoke several times as a sacred site and does not comment on it further, while Eratosthenes explains that it is the altar where the gods once conspired when Zeus went to battle against Cronus. The exact meaning is, therefore, not always clear.		Aratos only mentions the altar of smoke several times as a sacred site and does not comment on it further, while Eratosthenes explains that it is the altar where the gods once conspired when Zeus went to battle against Cronus. The exact meaning is, therefore, not always clear.

	The area beneath the scorpion's sting in the Milky Way is strewn with bright and dark clouds, with the dark clouds of the Milky Way resembling smoke from an altar illuminated by the fire below. The constellation lies below the bulge of the Milky Way, with the brightest and most extensive of its clouds in the constellations of Scutum, Sagittarius and ~~Scorpio~~. It therefore appears that the smoke altar was originally a dark constellation that was later reinterpreted.<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, Susanne M. Wie der Löwe an den Himmel kam. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2021</ref>		The area beneath the scorpion's sting in the Milky Way is strewn with bright and dark clouds, with the dark clouds of the Milky Way resembling smoke from an altar illuminated by the fire below. The constellation lies below the bulge of the Milky Way, with the brightest and most extensive of its clouds in the constellations of Scutum, Sagittarius and Scorpius. It therefore appears that the smoke altar was originally a dark constellation that was later reinterpreted.<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, Susanne M. Wie der Löwe an den Himmel kam. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2021</ref>

	However, it remains a mystery why the altar hangs upside down, at least in Roman times, i.e. in Ptolemy's work: the fire smokes downwards (from ζ Arae to the south-west). Presumably, this was different in Hellenistic times, i.e. in the Greek original: the uniform cylindrical shape of the Greek altar on the Farnese Globe differs significantly from the Ptolemaic shape, which resembles the representation in the Leiden Aratea from the 9th century (Carolingian period). Eratosthenes describes an altar made up of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. All this points to a significant transformation of the original image, but it is difficult to prove: Aratos only mentions the smoke altar several times as a sacred site and does not comment on it further, while Eratosthenes explains that it is the altar where the gods once conspired when Zeus went into battle against Kronos.		However, it remains a mystery why the altar hangs upside down, at least in Roman times, i.e. in Ptolemy's work: the fire smokes downwards (from ζ Arae to the south-west). Presumably, this was different in Hellenistic times, i.e. in the Greek original: the uniform cylindrical shape of the Greek altar on the Farnese Globe differs significantly from the Ptolemaic shape, which resembles the representation in the Leiden Aratea from the 9th century (Carolingian period). Eratosthenes describes an altar made up of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. All this points to a significant transformation of the original image, but it is difficult to prove: Aratos only mentions the smoke altar several times as a sacred site and does not comment on it further, while Eratosthenes explains that it is the altar where the gods once conspired when Zeus went into battle against Kronos.

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 20 June 2026
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	Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>		Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>
	File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).		File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).
	File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (4th c. ~~BCE~~)		File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (4th c. CE)
	File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor		File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor
	File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)		File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 20 June 2026
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	Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>		Eratosthenes describes an altar of four stars (two on the brazier and two on the base, a cylinder), while Ptolemy mentions seven. This demonstrates obviously that the constellation was imagined differently by these two (and probably also other) authors. <gallery>
	File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).		File:Ara aufrecht Kugel2024.jpg\|Ara in the ensemble with Lupus, sacrified by Centaurus (Kugel Globe).
	File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (~~2nd/1st~~ c. BCE)		File:Ara kugel.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Kugel Globe (4th c. BCE)
	File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor		File:Ara farnese bg.png\|Ara on the ancient Farnese Globe, 2nd c. CE with Hellenistic predecessor
	File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)		File:Ara mainz.jpg\|Ara on the ancient Mainz Globe (2nd c. CE)

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:33, 4 June 2026
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	File:Ara Duerer.jpg\|Dürer's Ara (1515), pointing southwards		File:Ara Duerer.jpg\|Dürer's Ara (1515), pointing southwards
	File:Blaeu1602 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1602) is copied from Plancius/ Hondius (1598) and shows Ara's flames burning southwards. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/360/media-360270/large.jpg RMG]		File:Blaeu1602 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1602) is copied from Plancius/ Hondius (1598) and shows Ara's flames burning southwards. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/360/media-360270/large.jpg RMG]
	File:Blaeu1603 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1603), his second globe made with de Houtman's data for the southern constellations, also corrects the direction of Ara: The flames now burn northwards and the smoke indicates the position of the southern Milky Way between Sco and Sgr. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/398/media-398216/large.jpg RMG]		File:Blaeu1603 Ara.JPG\|Blaeu (1603), his second globe made with de Houtman's data for the southern constellations, also corrects the direction of Ara: The flames now burn northwards and the smoke indicates the position of the southern Milky Way between Sco and Sgr. [https://collections.rmg.co.uk/mediaLib/398/media-398216/large.jpg RMG]
	File:Ara Fortin1795.jpg\|Ara in Fortin's Atlas Céleste, 3rd edition (1795).		File:Ara Fortin1795.jpg\|Ara in Fortin's Atlas Céleste, 3rd edition (1795).
			File:H.A. Rey's stick figure stellarium-006.png\|(1952) H.A. Rey's stick figure of Ara
			File:O. Hlad's stick figure stellarium-006.png\|(1988) O. Hlad's stick figure of Ara
	</gallery>		</gallery>