Ekur - Revision history

Sushoff: /* Constellations of the Gods of the Ekur */

2026-06-26T10:51:03Z

Constellations of the Gods of the Ekur

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:51, 26 June 2026
Line 191:		Line 191:
	!		!
	!		!
	! colspan="2" \|When the STAR<sup>s</sup> of <sup>GOD</sup>Enlil are completed:		! colspan="2" \|When the STAR<sup>s</sup> of <sup>GOD</sup>Enlil are completed ...
	\|}		\|}

Sushoff at 07:34, 26 June 2026

2026-06-26T07:34:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:34, 26 June 2026
Line 2:		Line 2:
	----		----
	[[File:Ekur plan.svg\|thumb\|Map of the Ekur, Enlil temple in Nippur. 1. Ziggurat 2. "Kitchen temple" 3. Small shrine. (CC BY Zunkir)]]		[[File:Ekur plan.svg\|thumb\|Map of the Ekur, Enlil temple in Nippur. 1. Ziggurat 2. "Kitchen temple" 3. Small shrine. (CC BY Zunkir)]]
	[[File:Stadtplan Nippur Jena.jpg\|thumb\|City Map of Nippur with the Ekur to the middle right (Photo: Alfred Löhr).]]		[[File:Stadtplan Nippur Jena.jpg\|thumb\|City Map of Nippur with the Ekur to the middle right (Universität Jena, Photo: Alfred Löhr).]]
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN (Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023). A possible analogy could be to the Chinese super constellation ''[[Zigong]]'' 'Purple Palace.'		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN (Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023). A possible analogy could be to the Chinese super constellation ''[[Zigong]]'' 'Purple Palace.'

Sushoff at 07:33, 26 June 2026

2026-06-26T07:33:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:33, 26 June 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
			[[File:Ekur plan.svg\|thumb\|Map of the Ekur, Enlil temple in Nippur. 1. Ziggurat 2. "Kitchen temple" 3. Small shrine. (CC BY Zunkir)]]
			[[File:Stadtplan Nippur Jena.jpg\|thumb\|City Map of Nippur with the Ekur to the middle right (Photo: Alfred Löhr).]]
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN (Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023). A possible analogy could be to the Chinese super constellation ''[[Zigong]]'' 'Purple Palace.'		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN (Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023). A possible analogy could be to the Chinese super constellation ''[[Zigong]]'' 'Purple Palace.'

HermannHunger: /* Concordance, Etymology, History[1] */

2026-06-05T17:00:10Z

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:00, 5 June 2026
Line 12:		Line 12:
	*(1) The stars of Enlil:		*(1) The stars of Enlil:
	**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''		**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''
	**"Standing Gods of Ekur", [Hunger & Steele 2019<ref>Hunger, H., & Steele, J. (2019). ''The Babylonian astronomical compendium MUL. APIN''. Routledge.</ref>: 34]		**"Standing Gods of Ekur", [Hunger & Steele 2019<ref>Hunger, H., & Steele, J. (2019). ''The Babylonian astronomical compendium MUL. APIN''. Routledge.</ref>, 34]
	**for ~~a parallel~~ see [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].		**for another duplicate see [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'; Hunger & Steele 2019, 27 text Z].
	\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]		\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]
	\|-		\|-
Line 20:		Line 20:
	**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>''-kur''		**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>''-kur''
	**"Sitting Gods of Ekur",		**"Sitting Gods of Ekur",
	**see ~~also~~ [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].		**see [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10', see Hunger & Steele 2019, 34].
	\|}		\|}

WayneHorowitz at 12:23, 28 May 2026

2026-05-28T12:23:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:23, 28 May 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN (Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023).		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN (Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023). A possible analogy could be to the Chinese super constellation ''[[Zigong]]'' 'Purple Palace.'

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

WayneHorowitz at 06:15, 25 May 2026

2026-05-25T06:15:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:15, 25 May 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN (Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023).

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

HermannHunger: /* Concordance, Etymology, History[1] */

2026-05-22T19:04:24Z

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:04, 22 May 2026
Line 4:		Line 4:

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
	See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref><blockquote><sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> & <sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup>. The sumerograms are ambiguous, since the first sign can be read as DIĜIR “god” or AN “heaven”, and TUŠ can also be read DÚR (both meaning “to sit”) or KU. However, the addition of A makes the reading TUŠ virtually certain. In the same manner, BA confirms the reading of GUB.BA. The Sum. forms mean “seated, sitting” and “standing”, respectively. </blockquote><blockquote>The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are ''angubbû'' (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).</blockquote>		See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref><blockquote><sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> & <sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup>. The sumerograms are ambiguous, since the first sign can be read as DIĜIR “god” or AN “heaven”, and TUŠ can also be read DÚR (both meaning “to sit”) or KU. However, the addition of A makes the reading TUŠ virtually certain. In the same manner, BA confirms the reading of GUB.BA. The Sum. forms mean “seated, sitting” and “standing”, respectively. </blockquote><blockquote>The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are ''angubbû'' (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In VR 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).</blockquote>
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Line 13:		Line 13:
	**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''		**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''
	**"Standing Gods of Ekur", [Hunger & Steele 2019<ref>Hunger, H., & Steele, J. (2019). ''The Babylonian astronomical compendium MUL. APIN''. Routledge.</ref>: 34]		**"Standing Gods of Ekur", [Hunger & Steele 2019<ref>Hunger, H., & Steele, J. (2019). ''The Babylonian astronomical compendium MUL. APIN''. Routledge.</ref>: 34]
	**for a parallel see. [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].		**for a parallel see [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].
	\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]		\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]
	\|-		\|-

Sushoff at 14:19, 20 May 2026

2026-05-20T14:19:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:19, 20 May 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ~~four to six (depending on reading)~~ Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the ensemble of the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

Sushoff at 14:19, 20 May 2026

2026-05-20T14:19:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:19, 20 May 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the ten Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the four to six (depending on reading) Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

Sushoff: /* Hoffmann and Krebernik Text Edition */

2026-05-19T09:46:40Z

Hoffmann and Krebernik Text Edition

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:46, 19 May 2026
Line 9:		Line 9:
	! Sources !! Identifications		! Sources !! Identifications
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''MUL.APIN.'''		\| '''MUL.APIN (I i 23).'''
	*(1) The stars of Enlil ~~(no. 21)~~:		*(1) The stars of Enlil:
	**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''		**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''
	**"Standing Gods of Ekur" ~~(I i 23)~~, [Hunger & Steele 2019<ref>Hunger, H., & Steele, J. (2019). ''The Babylonian astronomical compendium MUL. APIN''. Routledge.</ref>: 34]		**"Standing Gods of Ekur", [Hunger & Steele 2019<ref>Hunger, H., & Steele, J. (2019). ''The Babylonian astronomical compendium MUL. APIN''. Routledge.</ref>: 34]
	**for a parallel see. [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].		**for a parallel see. [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].
	\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]		\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''MUL.APIN.'''		\| '''MUL.APIN (I i 23).'''
	*The list of the stars of Enlil ~~(no. 22)~~: <sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>''-kur'' "Sitting Gods of Ekur" ~~(I i 23)~~, see also [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].		*The list of the stars of Enlil:
			**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>''-kur''
			**"Sitting Gods of Ekur",
			**see also [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].
	\|}		\|}

Line 266:		Line 269:
	** .		** .
	** .		** .
	*** Manzat (Rainbow)		*** Manzat (Rainbow God)
	*** Pašittu		*** Pašittu
	\|}		\|}