Gula - Revision history

WayneHorowitz at 15:02, 7 June 2026

2026-06-07T15:02:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:02, 7 June 2026
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	[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]		[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is a human-divine figure in the form of Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing, who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small number of souces speak of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' as an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog (so the drawing in Stellarium). Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]: Vega presumably also being the single star of the head of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula''. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers further ~~proof~~ for the interdependence of the imagery of the ~~two asterisms in~~ the ~~simple direct equation~~: <sup>mul</sup>ÙZ <sup>d</sup>Gu-la, 'The Goat, The goddess Gula.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is a human-divine figure in the form of Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing, who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small number of souces speak of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' as an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog (so the drawing in Stellarium). Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]: Vega presumably also being the single star of the head of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula''. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue (I i 24) offers further evidence for the interdependence of the imagery of the 'The Goat' and the goddess: <sup>mul</sup>ÙZ <sup>d</sup>Gu-la, 'The Goat, The goddess Gula.

	<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>		<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>

WayneHorowitz: By the way - there is also a mulBABA = dGULA in an unpublished Prayer to the Gods of the Night that Jeanette and I have in our database.

2026-06-07T14:59:47Z

By the way - there is also a mulBABA = dGULA in an unpublished Prayer to the Gods of the Night that Jeanette and I have in our database.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:59, 7 June 2026
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	<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>		<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>

	What do we do with the second dGU.LA noted in Beaulieu et al. 2018:33??		What do we do with the second dGU.LA noted in Beaulieu et al. 2018:33?

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

WayneHorowitz: I totally rewrote this section to accommodate the passages in the Uranology texts and discussion in Beaulieu et al. 2018: 32-33. But I still do not know what to do with the 2nd dGU.LA constellation?? noted on p. 33 - also - we need half-brackets in the Uranology places.

2026-06-07T14:51:28Z

I totally rewrote this section to accommodate the passages in the Uranology texts and discussion in Beaulieu et al. 2018: 32-33. But I still do not know what to do with the 2nd dGU.LA constellation?? noted on p. 33 - also - we need half-brackets in the Uranology places.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:51, 7 June 2026
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	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is a human-divine figure in the form of Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing, who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small number of souces speak of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' as an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog (so the drawing in Stellarium). Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]: Vega presumably also being the single star of the head of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula''. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers further proof for the interdependence of the imagery of the two asterisms in the simple direct equation: <sup>mul</sup>ÙZ <sup>d</sup>Gu-la, 'The Goat, The goddess Gula.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is a human-divine figure in the form of Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing, who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small number of souces speak of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' as an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog (so the drawing in Stellarium). Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]: Vega presumably also being the single star of the head of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula''. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers further proof for the interdependence of the imagery of the two asterisms in the simple direct equation: <sup>mul</sup>ÙZ <sup>d</sup>Gu-la, 'The Goat, The goddess Gula.

	<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>		<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>

			What do we do with the second dGU.LA noted in Beaulieu et al. 2018:33??

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

WayneHorowitz at 14:49, 7 June 2026

2026-06-07T14:49:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:49, 7 June 2026
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	\|The Uranology Group		\|The Uranology Group
	<sup>/mul/ d</sup>''Gu-la ṣal-mu lu-bu-uš-tu''<sub>4</sub> in[a SAG]-''šá'' 1 MUL ''e-ṣir'' ''in''[''a'' Š]U ZAG''-šá'' MUL ''na-šat'' ŠU GÙB-''šá'' x [ x x] x GAR''-át'' [2 MUL.MEŠ] Á ''ana'' Á ''šap-la-an k''[''ab-li'' <sup>giš</sup>G]U.ZA ''eṣ-ru'', Stellar Gula is a clothed human figure. A[t] her [head] a star is drawn. I[n] her right [ha]nd she carries a star. Her left hand . [ . . ] . is set. [2 stars] side by side below the l[egs of the c]hair are drawn VAT 9428 r.14-16 (+ dupl., Beaulieu et al. 2018: 23, 26, Section X )		<sup>/mul/ d</sup>''Gu-la ṣal-mu lu-bu-uš-tu''<sub>4</sub> in[a SAG]-''šá'' 1 MUL ''e-ṣir'' ''in''[''a'' Š]U ZAG''-šá'' MUL ''na-šat'' ŠU GÙB-''šá'' x [ x x] x GAR''-át'' [2 MUL.MEŠ] Á ''ana'' Á ''šap-la-an k''[''ab-li'' <sup>giš</sup>G]U.ZA ''eṣ-ru'', Stellar Gula is a clothed human figure. A[t] her [head] a star is drawn. I[n] her right [ha]nd she carries a star. Her left hand . [ . . ] . is set. [2 stars] side by side below the l[egs of the c]hair are drawn; VAT 9428 r.14-16 (+ dupl., Beaulieu et al. 2018: 23, 26, Section X).

	<sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> ''kal-bu šá ina'' UGU ur-ki-ti-šu eṣ-r[u IGI-''šu ana'' <sup>mul d</sup>G]U.la		<sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> ''kal-bu šá ina'' UGU ur-ki-ti-šu ''eṣ-r''[''u'' IGI-''šu ana'' <sup>mul d</sup>''G'']''u''-''/la šak-nu''/ . . . , 'The Dog' is a dog which is draw[n] (sitting) on his haunches. [Its face toward Stellar G]ula is set; VAT 9428 r. 10 (+ dupl., Beaulieu et al. 2018: 23, 25, Section IX ).

	~~VAT 9428 r. 10 (+ dupl.,~~ Beaulieu et al. 2018: ~~23, 25, Section IX )~~		For both passages see discussion Beaulieu et al. 2018: 32-33.

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WayneHorowitz at 14:43, 7 June 2026

2026-06-07T14:43:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:43, 7 June 2026
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	\|-		\|-
	\|The Uranology Group		\|The Uranology Group
	<sup>/mul/ d</sup>''Gu-la ṣal-mu lu-bu-uš-tu''<sub>4</sub> in[a SAG]-''šá'' 1 MUL ''e-ṣir'' ''in''[''a'' Š]U ZAG''-šá'' MUL ''na-šat'' ŠU GÙB- ''šá'' x [ x x] x GAR''-át'' [2 MUL.MEŠ] Á ''ana'' Á ''šap-la-an k''[''ab-li'' <sup>giš</sup>G]U.ZA ''eṣ-ru''		<sup>/mul/ d</sup>''Gu-la ṣal-mu lu-bu-uš-tu''<sub>4</sub> in[a SAG]-''šá'' 1 MUL ''e-ṣir'' ''in''[''a'' Š]U ZAG''-šá'' MUL ''na-šat'' ŠU GÙB-''šá'' x [ x x] x GAR''-át'' [2 MUL.MEŠ] Á ''ana'' Á ''šap-la-an k''[''ab-li'' <sup>giš</sup>G]U.ZA ''eṣ-ru'', Stellar Gula is a clothed human figure. A[t] her [head] a star is drawn. I[n] her right [ha]nd she carries a star. Her left hand . [ . . ] . is set. [2 stars] side by side below the l[egs of the c]hair are drawn VAT 9428 r.14-16 (+ dupl., Beaulieu et al. 2018: 23, 26, Section X )
	VAT 9428 ~~r14~~-16 (+ dupl., Beaulieu et al. 2018: 23, 25-25)
			<sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> ''kal-bu šá ina'' UGU ur-ki-ti-šu eṣ-r[u IGI-''šu ana'' <sup>mul d</sup>G]U.la

			VAT 9428 r. 10 (+ dupl., Beaulieu et al. 2018: 23, 25, Section IX )
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WayneHorowitz at 14:36, 7 June 2026

2026-06-07T14:36:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:36, 7 June 2026
Line 4:		Line 4:
	----		----
	[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]		[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small ~~nuber~~ of souces speak of an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog, Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers ~~definitative~~ proof for ~~this~~		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is a human-divine figure in the form of Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing, who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small number of souces speak of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' as an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog (so the drawing in Stellarium). Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]: Vega presumably also being the single star of the head of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula''. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers further proof for the interdependence of the imagery of the two asterisms in the simple direct equation: <sup>mul</sup>ÙZ <sup>d</sup>Gu-la, 'The Goat, The goddess Gula.

	MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.		<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
Line 19:		Line 19:

	* <sup>mul <d></sup>''gu-la'' = ''ni-ik-ka-ra-a''[''k''] [Emar VI/4, 151:154].		* <sup>mul <d></sup>''gu-la'' = ''ni-ik-ka-ra-a''[''k''] [Emar VI/4, 151:154].
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			\|The Uranology Group
			<sup>/mul/ d</sup>''Gu-la ṣal-mu lu-bu-uš-tu''<sub>4</sub> in[a SAG]-''šá'' 1 MUL ''e-ṣir'' ''in''[''a'' Š]U ZAG''-šá'' MUL ''na-šat'' ŠU GÙB- ''šá'' x [ x x] x GAR''-át'' [2 MUL.MEŠ] Á ''ana'' Á ''šap-la-an k''[''ab-li'' <sup>giš</sup>G]U.ZA ''eṣ-ru''
			VAT 9428 r14-16 (+ dupl., Beaulieu et al. 2018: 23, 25-25)
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WayneHorowitz at 14:20, 7 June 2026

2026-06-07T14:20:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:20, 7 June 2026
Line 4:		Line 4:
	----		----
	[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]		[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is an ~~ancient Mesopotamian asterism~~, ~~associated with~~ the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The ~~explanatory list in~~ MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small nuber of souces speak of an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog, Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers definitative proof for this

			MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

Sushoff at 10:02, 7 June 2026

2026-06-07T10:02:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:02, 7 June 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Gula''}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>d</sup>''Gula''}}
	{{distinguish\|GU.LA}}		{{distinguish\|GU.LA}}
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}

	~~Title should be <sup>d</sup>Gula~~
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	[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]		[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, associated with the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The explanatory list in MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the Lyra-Hercules region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, associated with the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The explanatory list in MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

Sushoff at 10:01, 7 June 2026

2026-06-07T10:01:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:01, 7 June 2026
Line 6:		Line 6:
	----		----
	[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]		[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, associated with the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is ~~the white~~ star Vega.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, associated with the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The explanatory list in MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the Lyra-Hercules region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.

	~~'''Next sentences in bold should bw with mulUZ3 not here The white star~~ [[~~Vega~~]] ~~is certainly associated~~ with the ~~white skin~~ of ~~the animal (the goat)~~.''' <s>~~Yet~~, the ~~asterism could be named alternatively after~~ the ~~animal or~~ the ~~goddess~~.</s>		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
			The healing goddess, known under several names (among them Nin-Isina “Lady of Isin”, Ninkarrak); identified with Baba, the wife of Ningirsu. <sup>d</sup>''Gu-la'' (Enlil, line 22, right)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>; she is also the goddess of the constellation <sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub> the "Goat" in [[Lyra]]; her name was sometimes used as the name of a constellation [G. 82], then forming a super-constellation of goddess Gula and her dog <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]] (Kurtik u).
	~~This needs to be completely rewritten with reference to a Super-Constellation consisting of~~ the goddess~~, and~~ the ~~dog.~~

	<s>~~As it is listed prior to~~ the constellation of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>~~, The Dog~~ (~~missing in~~ Kurtik) ~~in MUL~~.APIN, and the dog is an attribute of the goddess Gula, it suggests an identification of the goddess with the celestial goat. Therefore, it was chosen to depict the goddess in Stellarium instead of the animal.</s>

	~~==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==~~
	The healing goddess, known under several names (among them Nin-Isina “Lady of Isin”, Ninkarrak); identified with Baba, the wife of Ningirsu. <sup>d</sup>''Gu-la'' (EN 22r)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>; she is also the goddess of the constellation <sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub> the "Goat" in Lyra; her name was sometimes used as the name of a constellation [G. 82].
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-

WayneHorowitz: This needs to be completely redone

2026-06-07T09:36:23Z

This needs to be completely redone

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:36, 7 June 2026
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	{{distinguish\|GU.LA}}		{{distinguish\|GU.LA}}
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}

			Title should be <sup>d</sup>Gula
	----		----
	[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]		[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, associated with the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], The Goat. The white star [[Vega]] is certainly associated with the white skin of the animal (the goat). Yet, the asterism could be named alternatively after the animal or the goddess. As it is listed prior to the constellation of <sup>mul</sup>UR.KU, The Dog (missing in Kurtik) in MUL.APIN, and the dog is an attribute of the goddess Gula, it suggests an identification of the goddess with the celestial goat. Therefore, it was chosen to depict the goddess in Stellarium instead of the animal.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, associated with the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is the white star Vega.

			'''Next sentences in bold should bw with mulUZ3 not here The white star [[Vega]] is certainly associated with the white skin of the animal (the goat).''' <s>Yet, the asterism could be named alternatively after the animal or the goddess.</s>

			This needs to be completely rewritten with reference to a Super-Constellation consisting of the goddess, and the dog.

			<s>As it is listed prior to the constellation of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, The Dog (missing in Kurtik) in MUL.APIN, and the dog is an attribute of the goddess Gula, it suggests an identification of the goddess with the celestial goat. Therefore, it was chosen to depict the goddess in Stellarium instead of the animal.</s>

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:51, 7 June 2026
Line 6:		Line 6:
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is a human-divine figure in the form of Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing, who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small number of souces speak of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' as an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog (so the drawing in Stellarium). Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]: Vega presumably also being the single star of the head of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula''. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers further proof for the interdependence of the imagery of the two asterisms in the simple direct equation: <sup>mul</sup>ÙZ <sup>d</sup>Gu-la, 'The Goat, The goddess Gula.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is a human-divine figure in the form of Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing, who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small number of souces speak of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' as an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog (so the drawing in Stellarium). Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]: Vega presumably also being the single star of the head of <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula''. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers further proof for the interdependence of the imagery of the two asterisms in the simple direct equation: <sup>mul</sup>ÙZ <sup>d</sup>Gu-la, 'The Goat, The goddess Gula.

	<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>		<s>MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.</s>

			What do we do with the second dGU.LA noted in Beaulieu et al. 2018:33??

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:20, 7 June 2026
Line 4:		Line 4:
	----		----
	[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]		[[File:Gula+Dog stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Goddess Gula and her Dog in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (2021). The goddess is associated with this region, even when she is not directly depicted there but a goat instead.]]
	<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, is an ~~ancient Mesopotamian asterism~~, ~~associated with~~ the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The ~~explanatory list in~~ MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.		<sup>mul d</sup>''Gula'' (𒀯𒀭𒄖𒆷), astral goddess Gula, the main Mesopotamian goddess of healing who is associated with dogs in her healing capacity. A small nuber of souces speak of an independent constellation, in particular The Uranology Text VAT 9428 (+ dupl.) where the description of <sup>mul d</sup>GU.LA in Section X follows that of <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub>, 'The Dog,' in Section IX (Beaulieu 2018 et al. 23, 25-26). As Section IX positions <sup>mul</sup>UR.GI<sub>7</sub> in relation to <sup>mul d</sup>''Gula,'' (partially restored), and Section X seats the astral goddess Gula on her throne, what we seem to have here is a Super-Constellation consisting of at least three elements: the goddess, her seat, and her dog, Elsewhere, stars in this Super-Constellation belong to the asterism [[UZ3\|<sup>mul</sup>UZ<sub>3</sub>]], 'The Goat.,' whose brightest star is star [[Vega]]. The MUL.APIN star-catalogue offers definitative proof for this

			MUL.APIN suggests an identification of the goddess with 'the goat. If she is depicted among the stars in the [[Lyra]]-[[Hercules]] region, she sits neighbouring her attribute dog (constellation <sup>mul</sup>[[UR.GI7\|UR.GI<sub>7</sub>]]), as depicted in Stellarium.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==